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Listing, Delisting, dan Relisting, Bedanya Apa?
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Dalam aktivitas pada bursa efek khususnya mengenai saham, terdapat 3 istilah umum yang sering disebut, yaitu listing, delisting, serta relisting. Ketiga istilah tersebut digunakan untuk melakukan pencatatan terhadap emiten yang tercatat pada Bursa Efek Indonesia. Namun, beberapa pihak mungkin masih sulit membedakan ketiga hal tersebut. Sederhananya, listing berarti pencatatan, delisting berarti penghapusan, dan relisting berarti pencatatan kembali. Untuk lebih jelasnya, simak penjelasannya di bawah ini!

1. Listing

Berasal dari istilah asing, kata “listing” didefinisikan sebagai mendaftarkan dan mencatatkan saham perusahaan ke dalam Bursa Efek Indonesia agar saham tersebut dapat diperjualbelikan secara bebas melalui pasar modal kepada para pemegang saham. Perusahaan yang mendaftarkan sahamnya untuk bisa listing akan melewati rangkaian proses hingga nantinya saham tersebut resmi diperjualbelikan secara perdana dalam bursa efek atau dikenal dengan istilah IPO (Initial Public Offering).

Melalui listing, saham perusahaan tidak lagi dimiliki oleh sebagian kecil pihak, sehingga perusahaan mampu menerima sumber dana yang berguna sebagai modal sebagai upaya untuk menjalankan operasional. Selain itu, tujuan dilakukannya listing diyakini sebagai solusi dalam memperkenalkan (branding) perusahaan secara luas agar produk bisnis dapat lebih dikenal oleh masyarakat. Jika hal tersebut berjalan lancar maka keuntungan perusahaan akan bertambah karena produk bisnis dibeli serta digunakan sebagai pemenuhan kebutuhan.

2. Delisting

Delisting merupakan penghapusan saham dari perusahaan terbuka yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia, di mana arti kata “penghapusan” tersebut berarti jika saham perusahaan terbuka yang awal diperjualbelikan secara bebas melalui bursa efek, kini secara terpaksa dihapuskan. Secara langsung ini mempengaruhi adanya perubahan status perusahaan dari terbuka menjadi tertutup dikarenakan saham perusahaan tersebut tidak lagi tersedia secara bebas pada bursa.

Terdapat 2 jenis delisting saham, yaitu forced delisting dan voluntary delisting. Berikut ini penjelasannya:

a. Forced Delisting berlaku karena adanya tindakan berupa penghapusan secara paksa sebuah saham oleh otoritas bursa karena perusahaan dinilai sudah tidak mampu menjamin kelangsungan bisnisnya karena tidak menunjukkan tanda-tanda pemulihan secara optimal.

b. Voluntary Delisting merupakan delisting yang dilakukan secara sukarela atas keinginan perusahaan itu sendiri. Ini dilakukan dengan proses pengajuan untuk permohonan delisting dan sesegera mungkin harus memperoleh persetujuan dalam RUPS jika saham telah tercatat minimal 5 tahun.

3. Relisting

Relisting merupakan proses pendaftaran serta pencatatan kembali saham–saham perusahaan yang sebelumnya mengalami delisting untuk kembali diperjualbelikan pada pasar modal. Sebuah perusahaan dapat melakukan pencatatan kembali apabila memenuhi persyaratan sebagai berikut:

a. Perusahaan harus mengajukan permohonan relisting saham pada bursa paling cepat 6 bulan sejak dihapuskan dan pernyataan tersebut juga disampaikan ke Bapepam

b. Telah memperbaiki kondisi yang menyebabkan delisting secara optimal

c. Kemudian, diperlukan sebuah pernyataan oleh direksi dan komisaris mengenai kondisi perusahaan yang tidak mengalami sengketa hukum yang mampu memberikan pengaruh bagi kelangsungan perusahaan

d. Harga saham sekurang-kurangnya Rp 100 per lembarnya

Penutup

Ketiga istilah di atas umum digunakan dalam dunia saham dan bagi Anda yang berstatus sebagai investor pemula perlu mengetahui 3 istilah dasar tersebut karena berhubungan dengan situasi perdagangan saham pada bursa efek. Cukup mudah untuk membedakan ketiga istilah tersebut, listing berarti pencatatan saham suatu emiten, delisting berarti penghapusan saham, dan relisting berarti pencatatan kembali saham yang sebelumnya dihapuskan oleh Bursa Efek Indonesia.

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